我們都學過古代文學，古代文學是我們中華五千年的精神食糧文學代表。而我最喜歡的一篇古文文章就是諸葛亮的《出師表》，他的智慧和“鞠躬盡瘁，死而后已”遠被后人傳頌。諸葛亮的高風亮節，至今令人懷念，讓人敬仰。我讀《出師表》更加深切地體會到，唯心中裝著國家和人民的人，歷史才不會忘記他。中國古代文學翻譯是翻譯人中，最難翻譯的一種文學作品，首先我們需全文熟讀古文，并了解全文講述大意。我們才能夠準確翻譯出古代文學韻味。現在我們就來用另外一種語言翻譯出來，英語文學翻譯賞析。
先帝創業未半而中道崩殂
the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work， the restoration of the Han.
今天下三分，益州疲敝，此誠危急存亡之秋也。
Today，the empire is still divided in three， and our very survival is threatened.
然侍衛之臣不懈于內，忠志之士忘身于外者
Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you， your majesty.
蓋追先帝之殊遇，欲報之于陛下也。
Because they remember the late emperor， all of them， and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.
誠宜開張圣聽，以光先帝遺德，恢弘志士之氣
This is the moment to extend your divine influence， to honour the memory of the late emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers.
不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失義，以塞忠諫之路也。
It is not the time to listen to bad advice， or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.
親賢臣，遠小人，此先漢所以興隆也。
The emperors of the Western Han chose their courtiers wisely， and their dynasty flourished.
親小人，遠賢臣，此后漢所以傾頹也。
The emperors of the Eastern Han chose poorly， and they doomed the empire to ruin.
先帝在時，每與臣論此事，未嘗不嘆息痛恨于桓、靈也。
Whenever the late Emperor discussed this problem with me， he lamented the failings of Emperors Huan and Ling.
臣本布衣，躬耕于南陽，茍全性命于亂世，不求聞達于諸侯。
I began as a common man， farming in my fields in Nanyang， doing what I could to survive in an age of chaos. I never had any interest in making a name for myself as a noble.
先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顧臣于草廬之中，咨臣以當世之事。
The late Emperor was not ashamed to visit my cottage and seek my advice.
由是感激，遂許先帝以驅馳。
Grateful for his regards， I responded to his appeal and threw myself into his service.
先帝知臣謹慎，故臨崩寄臣以大事也。
The late Emperor always appreciated my caution and， in his final days， entrusted me with his cause.
受命以來，夙夜憂嘆，恐托付不效，以傷先帝之明。
Since that moment， I have been tormented day and night by the fear that I might let him down.
故五月渡瀘，深入不毛。
That is why I crossed the Lu river at the height of summer， and entered the wastelands beyond.
今南方已定，兵甲已足。
Now the south has been subdued， and our forces are fully armed.
當獎率三軍，北定中原，庶竭駑鈍，攘除奸兇，興復漢室，還于舊都。
I should lead our soldiers to conquer the northern heartland and attempt to remove the hateful traitors， restore the house of Han， and return it to the former capital.
此臣所以報先帝 而忠陛下之職分也。
This is the way I mean to honor my debt to the late Emperor and fulfill my duty to you.
愿陛下托臣以討賊興復之效。
My only desire is to be permitted to drive out the traitors and restore the Han.
不效，則治臣之罪，以告先帝之靈。
If I should let you down， punish my offense and report it to the spirit of the late Emperor.
陛下亦宜自謀，以咨諏善道，察納雅言，深追先帝遺詔。
Your Majesty， consider your course of action carefully. Seek out good advice， and never forget the last words of the late Emperor.
臣不勝感激 今當遠離。
I depart now on a long expedition， and I will be forever grateful if you heed my advice.
臨表涕零，不知所言。
Blinded by my own tears， I know not what I write.
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